• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Door construction and method in a fire situation in conjunction with a double-bladed door structure (100), for the elimination of an overpressure caused by fire and by a force holding an inner door closed. According to the invention, the method compensates for the overpressure between a room space (H1) and a space (V) between the inner door (T1) and the outer door, by equipping the interior door (T1) with a pressure equalization channel (O1) by means of the air space (V1) of the room space (H1). ) air space is joined, whereby the pressure is equalized to be the same in the room space (H1) and the intermediate space (V), whereby the opening of the inner door (T1) is allowed and the closing force ceases as a result of the pressure difference keeps the inner door (T1) closed.
    公开号:FI20185208A1
    申请号:FI20185208
    申请日:2018-03-05
    公开日:2019-09-06
    发明作者:Sami Kaskismaa；Anssi Kinnunen
    申请人:Asivo Oy；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    METHOD IN THE EVENT OF A FIRE WITH A DOUBLE DOOR AND A DOUBLE DOOR STRUCTURE
    The invention relates to a method in the event of a fire in connection with a double-leaf door and to a double-leaf door structure.
    Firefighters have often for decades encountered cases where a fire victim has been found right behind the inner door why hadn’t come out 10
    In the event of a fire, the sleeping person wakes up and notices a violent fire, strong smoke, and runs to the front door. He twists the handle of the inner door and pulls the door inwards. At the last moment, he wonders why the door doesn’t open. After all, it doesn't even have a lock15. Why is the door locked Then he dies in the smoke. That person remembered that the door opens slightly - press the handle down and pull the inner door open and then get to the outer door immediately.
    The reason for the door not opening is the overpressure caused by the fire inside the building.
    A pressure difference is created between the space between the inner door of the double-leaf door structure and the outer door and the interior of the building, which creates a force which pushes the inner door outwards and prevents the door from opening inwards. The pressure difference between the interior of the building and the space between the doors does not have to be large, so it already prevents the door from opening. A delicate person does not get the door open, but squats behind the inner door. 30
    Significant holding force is generated even with small pressure differences between the space between the doors and the interior of the building to the inner door of a double-leaf door structure when the door area is large. The fire situation creates an overpressure 35 inside the building relative to the outside air. Overpressure can last for several minutes and
    20185208 PRH 05 -03- 2018 often occurs when a person who wakes up to a fire rushes to the front door and tries to open the inward-opening inner door of a double-leaf door structure.
    This so-called In order to eliminate the holding force, according to the invention, a method for a fire situation is proposed in this application, in order to equalize the pressures on different sides of the inner door and the outer door, the inner door is provided with a pressure equalizing channel through the inner door. In one embodiment of the method, the inner door is provided with an outwardly pushed pin for crimping the door into a slot in the event of a fire and a pressure rise in the bath, and forming a pressure equalization channel in the form of a slot on the vertical side of the door.
    In another embodiment of the method, a pressure equalization channel is used. In the event of a fire, the pressure inside the room will then pass through the pressure equalization duct to the other side of the inner door, where the pressure will equalize as in the room. In this case, the force holding the inner door disappears and the door 20 can be opened again.
    Preferably, the inner door is provided with a free-flow channel, preferably a free-flow valve comprising a free-flow channel, which in a preferred embodiment of the invention is always open.
    In one embodiment of the invention, the pressure equalization channel is formed in the inner door by drilling a hole in it or forming the door from one side so that a flow path is formed between the edge of the door and the frame part.
    It is also possible to use a pivoting handle structure in which the pivoting handle itself comprises a longitudinal channel and in which the handle part also comprises a channel. In this case, the free-flow path is formed in the pivot handle / spindle structure 35 itself.
    In one embodiment of the method according to the invention, in a double-leaf door structure, the inner door is provided with a valve comprising a pressure equalization channel, the closing part of which moves outwards towards the outer door in a pressure situation of more than 5. The closure part moves against the spring force of the spring (s) and opens the inner door of the flow path from one side to the other. After reaching the second extreme position, the closing part / piston part is locked to it by means of a magnet. In this way, the flow path is always kept 10 open in the event of a fire, despite pressure fluctuations due to a fire in the room.
    20185208 PRH 05 -03- 2018
    The double-leaf door structure according to the invention has an outer door and an inner door which opens inwards in the building. In the Kek15 double-leaf door structure according to the invention, the outer door and the inner door are connected to the same frame part, being both hinged to it. The inner door opens inwards into the room, having a vertical edge against the vertical shoulder of the frame part. The front door opens outwards. 20
    In order to compensate for the pressure difference in the event of a fire over the thickness of the inner door, the door structure has a pressure equalization channel passing through it. Thus, a valve with a free flow path from one side of the inner door to the other side thereof is preferably used. It is also possible to use a valve structure with a closing part movable due to the pressure difference, the so-called a piston member that moves against the spring force of the spring to a second extreme position having a magnet that locks the closure member in that position. In this case, the closing part remains the so-called in the open position throughout the fire situation 30. Normally, the closing part closes the free-flow channel and the thermal insulation of the inner door is not affected.
    In one embodiment of the double-leaf door structure, the pressure equalization channel is located in the pivoting spindle of the door handle and its handle35 parts.
    In a preferred embodiment of the invention, a two-part valve is mounted in the hole drilled in the inner door. One half of the valve is inserted into the through hole of the inner door on one side of the inner door and the other half of the valve on the other side of the inner door. The halves are connected with screws. The central flow path is equipped with vanes or plates that act as thermal insulation and muffler parts. At both ends of the valve and thus on both sides of the inner door, there are cover housings which operate by snap-fitting.
    20185208 PRH 05 -03- 2018
    The method according to the invention in the event of a fire in connection with a double-leaf door structure and the double-leaf door structure is characterized by what is stated in the claims.
    The invention will now be described with reference to some preferred embodiments of the accompanying figures, to which, however, the invention is not intended to be exclusively limited.
    Figure 1A shows a double-leaf door structure in an axonometric representation with the doors closed.
    Figure IB shows a double leaf door structure with the doors open. The inner door opens into the room H and the outer door opens out into the U or stairwell.
    Figure 2 is a section I-I of Figure IA.
    Fig. 3 shows the structure of the valve of the pressure equalizing duct in the inner door of the double-leaf door structure of Fig. 2 in a three-dimensional representation.
    Figure 4 shows a method in the event of a fire, in which a pin projecting outwards against the edge of the frame is used, with which the door is wedged open in the event of a fire. The handle M1 is turned and the pin protrudes against the frame K1 and a gap is formed between the frame and the inner door T1 as a pressure equalization channel 01.
    Figure 5A shows another embodiment of a pressure relief valve.
    Fig. 5B shows the valve of Fig. 5A in cross section II-II.
    Fig. 6 shows a solution used as a pressure equalization channel in the inner door, in which the pivoting spindle of the door latch comprises a bore or the like and likewise the pivoting handles of the inner door 10.
    Figure 1A shows a double-leaf door structure 100 with the inner door T1 and the outer door T2 in the closed position. In Fig. 1B, the inner door T1 and the outer door T2 are in the open position. The doors T1 and T2 are hinged 15 to pivot into a common frame K by hinge means S1 and S2.
    20185208 PRH 05 -03- 2018
    The inner door T1 opens inwards into the room space H1 and the outer door T2 opens outwards into the outside air UI or into another space outside the apartment, such as a stairwell. Both doors are hinged to hinges SI and S2 in the same common frame K1. By turning and pulling the door handle M1 towards the room H1, the inner door T1 opens. The outer door T2 opens outwards into the outdoor space / outdoor air UI.
    The pressure equalization channel 01 according to the invention is provided in the inner door T1 over the thickness of its door leaf. Said free flow channel 01 opens in the closed position of the door T1 to the interior space H1 of the room and to the intermediate space V between the inner door T1 and the outer door. The volume of the intermediate space V is in the range of 100 to 600 liters and most preferably in the range of 150 to 300 liters. The overpressure in the combustion chamber H1 can vary in the range 1-5 kPa. If the area of the inner door is 3 square meters and the handle near the edge of the 1.5 meter wide door, a traction force of 2 kPa with an overpressure of about 30 kp is required. At a single overpressure of 15 kPa. Especially if the overpressure is 5 kPa.
    20185208 PRH 05 -03- 2018
    In the event of a fire, the pressure increases for several minutes in the rooms in the combustion chamber H1, and if there is no pressure equalization channel, a pressure difference arises between the interior H1 and the door structure 100 intermediate space V and a holding force compresses the inner door T1 to the closed position. 5 When the surface area of the door can be up to more than 3 square meters and the said pressure difference occurs, a large pull on the handle is required for the door to open. In an emergency, this can be critical. A person may die behind the inner door in the flue gases.
    In this application, the inner door T1 is provided with a pressure opening channel 01. It enables a pressure connection and free air flow between the interior space H1 of the room and the intermediate space V of the double-leaf door structure 100. In the event of a fire, the pressure in the inner space H1 and in the intermediate space V equalizes with respect to each other and the inner door T1 can then be opened again by pulling the handle M1 inwards.
    Fig. 2 shows a partial section along the line I-I in Fig. 1A of the double-leaf door structure 20 which is the subject of the invention. Fig. 3A shows the pressure equalization valve 12 of Fig. 2 in an axonometric view and Fig. 3B the valve 12 parts detached.
    The inner door T1 is pressed against the edges 10 and 11 of the frame K1 in the structure 25. The handle M1 in the inner door T1 and the lock J in the outer door T2 are above the valve 12 and the pressure equalization channel 01. The pressure equalization duct 01 opens into the interior space H1 and into the intermediate space V between the doors T1 and T2. The pressure equalization duct 01 comprises a sound-insulating structure 13, which in the embodiment of the figure consists of 30 zigzagly arranged damping plates 13a1, 13a2,
    13a3 ... further attached to the wire body or directly to the walls of the channel 01 as shown. The small plates 13a1, 13a2 ... are at different angles to each other in their planes. In this case, the sound waves bounce from one disc to another and the sound is effectively attenuated. The plates 13a1, 13a2 can also be very sound ab7
    20185208 PRH 05 -03- 2018 sorbent preferably a porous material. The wire body with its damping plates 13a1, 13a2 ... or the damping plates separately are inserted inside the pressure equalizing channel 01 of the first valve body 14 of the valve 12 from the end to the end of the channel 01. The second valve body 15 from its sleeve part 15a and the associated first valve body 14 from its sleeve part are inserted into a hole G1 extending over the thickness of the inner door T1, which is preferably made by sawing. The sound bounces off the plates 13a1, 13a2 ... and is attenuated. The air and its pressure can enter freely through the duct 01 from the interior H1 to the intermediate space V. Fires In the bath, the pressure becomes the same in the intermediate space V as in the burning interior H1 of the room.
    The inner door T1 then opens.
    The first valve body 14 comprises a cylindrical portion 14a and a flange portion 14b. The cylindrical part or sleeve part 14a is inserted inside the cylindrical part or sleeve part 15a of the larger diameter second valve body 15. The second valve body 15 also comprises a flange part 15b at the end of the hollow sleeve part 15a. The parts 14 and 15 are connected to each other by screws 16 so that the flange part 14b of the first valve body 14 and the flange part 15b of the second valve body 15 come to different sides of the inner door T1 against the door surfaces and the sleeve part 15a of the valve body 15a in the door structure 25 100 si.
    As shown in Fig. 2, the inner door T1 comes against its edges 10a and 11a against the edges 10 and 11 of the frame K1.
    Respectively, the outer door T2 comes against its edges 18 and 19 against the first sealing edge 21 and the second sealing edge 22 of the frame K1. The opening direction of the inner door T1 towards the room space and the combustion space H1 is indicated by an arrow Z1 and the opening direction of the outer door T2 to the outdoor space UI or a similar corridor, for example a stair35, is indicated by an arrow Z2.
    20185208 PRH 05 -03- 2018
    As shown in Figure 2.3, the pressure relief valve 12 further comprises mounting balls 23 in the flanges 14b and 15b, into which are the counter-mounting cups 24 in the housings 25 and 26. 5
    Enclosures 24 and 25 are visors and also muffler designs.
    The pressure equalization channel 01 and the pressure relief valves 12 can be used not only for new doors but also for old doors in order to make them fire safe.
    In the old inner door T1, a round hole G1 can easily be sawn for the pressure equalization valve 12 and thus for the pressure equalization channel 15 01.
    Figure 4 shows a method in the event of a fire in connection with an inwardly opening inner door T1. By turning the handle M2, the pusher part 26 is acted upon and pressed against the frame K1 of the double-leaf door structure 100. The pusher 26 may be a metal pin. In this case, the inner door T1 is wedged open. A gap is formed as a pressure equalization channel 01 between the inner door T1 and the frame K1.
    The pressures equalize in the intermediate space V and in the internal space H1 and the inner door T1 can then be opened again.
    Figures 5A and 5B show the formation of a pressure equalization passage 01 into a pressure equalization valve 12 similar to the pressure equalization valve 12 of Figures 2,3A, 3B comprising a first valve body 14 and a second valve body 15 and hollow sleeve portions 14a and 15a and flanges 14b connected thereto. The sleeve part 15a comes around the sleeve part 14a. The end of the sleeve portion 15 comprises a central opening 27.
    20185208 PRH 05 -03- 2018
    As shown in section 5B, inside the structure and the sleeve 14a, there is a closure portion 28 comprising a circular end plate 29 associated with the hollow sleeve body 30. The sleeve body 30 is open at one end 5 thereof. Inside the sleeve body 30 there is a coil spring 31 located at its end acting on the inner surface of the circular end plate 29 and at its other end on the inner surface of the flange 14b. The flow openings 32 are located on a circular circumference (dashed lines 33c) or are made through a circular end plate 29.
    At the end of the sleeve parts 14a, 15a there is a flow opening 33a, 33b made through the sleeve part 14a, 15a near the flange 14b. The flange 4b may also comprise a flow opening 33c in the intermediate space V to equalize the air pressure in the intermediate space V as in the room space H1. 15
    The action is as follows. As the pressure due to the fire increases in the interior space H1, a pressure difference arises between the intermediate space V and the room space H1 of the double-leaf door structure 100. The pressure acts through the flow opening 27 on the closing part 28, which moves against the spring force of the spring 31 20 towards the intermediate space V, whereby the pressure escapes from the room and combustion space H1 to the intermediate space V. The pressures in the spaces H1 and V become the same. The inner door T1 is then possible to open normally by pulling the inner door T1 from the pivot handle M1.
    In one embodiment, the structure may be provided with a magnetic switch 34 which locks the closure member 28 in the open position. This prevents vibration of the closure part 28 in the event of a fire when the pressure may vary in the room space and in the fire space H1 during the fire.
    Fig. 6 shows the formation of a pressure equalization channel 01 in the handle part M1 of the inner door T1. The pressure equalization channel 01 is located in the pivot mandrel 35 and in the handle parts M1.
    The pressure relief channel 01 is formed so that the pressure equalizes through the pressure equalization channel 01 of the room space H1 between the intermediate space V and the room space H1 of the double-leaf door structure 100.
    权利要求:
    Claims (14)
    [1]
    The claims
    A method for eliminating the overpressure caused by a fire and the force holding the inner door 5 in the event of a fire in connection with a double-leaf door structure (100), characterized in that the method equalizes the overpressure between the room (H1) and the intermediate door (T1) and the outer door (V1) with a pressure equalization duct (01), which connects the air space of the room space 10 (H1) and the air space of the intermediate space (V), equalizing the pressure in the room space (H1) and the intermediate space (V), allowing the inner door (T1) to open and the inner door (T1) due to pressure difference the holding force is removed.
    15
    [2]
    Method according to Claim 1, characterized in that the pressure equalization channel (01) is formed from a gap between the frame (K1) of the double-leaf door structure (100) and the edge of the inner door (T1) by pressing the pusher part (26) against the frame part (T1) by the inner door handle (M1). ) by turning.
    [3]
    Method according to Claim 1, characterized in that the pressure equalization channel (01) is formed by sawing a circular hole (G1) in the inner door (T1).
    25
    [4]
    Method according to Claim 1 or 3, characterized in that in the method a pressure equalization channel (01) is formed in the valve (12), which is placed in the inner door (T1).
    [5]
    A method according to claim 1,3 or 4,
    30 characterized in that old door structures in which the inner door (T1) and the outer door (T2) are hinged to the same common frame (K) and in which an intermediate space (V) is formed between the doors (T1, T2) and in which the inner door (T1) opens into the room) (H1), are subsequently made fire-safe by forming a pressure equalization35 channel (01) between the room space (H1) and the intermediate space (V).
    [6]
    Method according to the preceding protection claim, characterized in that a circular hole is sawn in the inner door (T1), in which a pressure relief valve (12) is inserted.
    [7]
    A double-leaf door structure (100) comprising an inner door (T1) opening inwards into the room (H1) and an outer door (T2) opening outwards, the inner door (T1) and the outer door (T2) being hinged by hinge means (S1, S2) turn into a frame (Kl),
    10 characterized in that in order to eliminate the pressure rise in the room (H1) caused by the fire situation and the clamping force provided by the inner door (T1) there is a pressure equalization channel (01) between the room (H1) and the intermediate space (V) between the doors (T1, T2).
    [8]
    A double-leaf door structure (100) according to claim 7, characterized in that the inner door (T1) comprises a hole (G1) over the door thickness as a pressure equalization channel (01).
    20185208 PRH 05 -03- 2018
    20
    [9]
    Double-leaf door structure (100) according to Claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the pressure equalization channel (01) is provided with zigzag-arranged sound-absorbing plates (13a1, 13a2, 13a3 ...).
    25
    [10]
    Double-leaf door structure (100) according to Claim 7 or 8 or 9, characterized in that the sound-absorbing plates (13a1, 13a2, 13a3 ...) are arranged in a wire body (14) which is inserted into the first body part (14) of the pressure relief valve (12). ) inside the sleeve part (14a) and the sleeve part (14a) of the first body part 30 (14) is inserted inside the sleeve part (15a) of the second body part (15) and that the sleeve parts (14a, 15a) comprise flange parts (14b, 15b) at their ends , which come against the surfaces of the inner door (T1) and that have protective housings (25, 26) which are fastened by snap-fitting to the flange parts 35 (14b, 15b).
    20185208 PRH 05 -03- 2018
    [11]
    Double-leaf door structure (100) according to one of the preceding claims 7 to 10, characterized in that the valve structure (12) comprising a pressure equalization channel (01) comprises
    5 a closing part (28) closing and opening the pressure opening duct (OI), whereby when the fire increases the pressure in the room (H1) and the pressure difference between the room (H1) air and the air (V) between the inner door (T1) and the outer door (T2) the closing part 10 (28) against the spring force of the spring (31) in the opening position of the pressure relief channel (01), whereby the pressure can be equalized between the intermediate space (V) and the interior (H1) and the force closing the inner door (T1) is eliminated and the inner door (T1) is pulled again demountable.
    [12]
    Double-leaf door structure (T1) according to one of the preceding claims 7 to 11, characterized in that the pressure equalization channel (01) is formed in the door handles (M1) and the swivel spindle (36) of the inner door (T1).
    [13]
    Double-leaf door structure (100) according to Claim 7, characterized in that the pressure equalization channel (01) consists of a gap between the inner door (T1) and the frame (K) and in that the inner door (T1) has a pusher (26) with the inner door (T1).
    25 can be pushed into the gap in the event of a fire by acting on the handle.
    [14]
    Double-leaf door structure (100) according to one of the preceding claims 7 to 13, characterized in that
    The size of the space (V) between the doors (T1, T2) is in the range of 100 to 600 liters and most preferably 150 to 300 liters.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    FI128207B|2019-12-31|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    法律状态:
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    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FI20185208A|FI128207B|2018-03-05|2018-03-05|Method in case of fire in connection with a double leaf door construction and a double leaf door construction|FI20185208A| FI128207B|2018-03-05|2018-03-05|Method in case of fire in connection with a double leaf door construction and a double leaf door construction|
    EP19160464.4A| EP3536887A1|2018-03-05|2019-03-04|Method in a fire situation in connection with a double-leaf door, and a double-leaf door structure|
    FIU20194119U| FI12580U1|2018-03-05|2019-03-04|Double-leaf door structure|
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